A loom is a machine used to weave two or more sets of yarns at right angles to form a fabric, classified into weaving machines and brocade weaving machines. And the weaving machines are divided into Zhuang bamboo cage machines, Yao brocade machines, Miao brocade machines, Maonan bamboo cage machines, Dong brocade machines, and so on.

The main mechanisms and functions of the loom are as follows:

Warp mechanism. Responsible for transmitting warp yarns to the weaving area, arranging them according to the requirements of the fabric structure.
Weft mechanism. Also known as weft carrier, it is responsible for introducing weft into the weaving area.
Opening mechanism. Control the rise and fall of warp yarn to form a shed for weft yarn to pass through.
Weft insertion mechanism. Introduce the weft yarn into the shed.
Beat up mechanism. Push the weft yarn introduced into the shed towards the weaving mouth to form the fabric.
Coiling mechanism. Guide the already woven fabric away from the fabric forming area and roll it into a certain roll.
Delivery agency. Control the supply of warp yarn and maintain a certain tension.
In addition, other mechanisms of the loom include the heald frame, cam and connecting rod opening mechanism, multi arm opening mechanism, warp motor, tension sensor, etc., each of which undertakes different functions and cooperates to complete the weaving process.